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Ponce de Minerva (1114/1115 – 27 July 1175) was a nobleman, courtier, governor, and general serving, at different times, the kingdoms of León and Castile. Originally from Occitania, he came as a young man to León (1127), where he was raised probably in close connexion to the royal family. His public career, first as a courtier and knight in the military retinue of Alfonso VII of León and Castile, began in 1140. By later historians he was implicated in the strife between Alfonso's successors, Sancho III of Castile and Ferdinand II of León, but he was generally loyal to the latter, although from 1168 to 1173 he was in voluntary exile serving Alfonso VIII of Castile. Ponce had a long and distinguished military career. He participated in at least twelve campaigns, more than half of them campaigns of ''Reconquista'' fought against the Moors, but also campaigns against Navarre (1140), Portugal (1141), and Castile (1162 and 1163), as well as one famous campaign against some Castilian rebels, in which he was captured. He acquired landed wealth largely through royal preferment—even in the major cities of the realm, such as León and Toledo—and an advantageous marriage—his wife was a descendant of García Sánchez III of Navarre—and he rose to hold the highest rank in the kingdom, count, and the highest civil post, majordomo, in both Castile and León. In 1167 he founded a monastery, Santa María de Sandoval, and he was also a donor to the Order of Calatrava. In 1173 he re-populated half of the village of Azaña and granted it a ''fuero'' (charter of privileges). ==Move from Occitania to León== As his toponymic indicates, Ponce was from the Minervois ("de Minerva" is Latin for "from Minerve") in southern France, then a part of the County of Carcassonne, one of the possessions of Raymond Berengar III, Count of Barcelona.〔Barton, "Two Catalan Magnates", 248–54.〕〔Montenegro Valentín, "Merinos y tenentes", 164–65.〕 He may have been related to the Counts of Toulouse, but his genealogy has been disputed since the seventeenth century.〔The two sides of the debate are represented by P. Salazar de Mendoza, ''Cronico de la excelentissima casa de los Ponces de León'' (Toledo: 1620), and the Marqués de Mondéjar, "Memorias históricas i genealógicas de la casa de los Ponce de León", ''Real Academia de la Historia'', ''Colección Salazar'', B-3, f. 1r–29r.〕 The name of either of his parents is unknown.〔Barton, ''Aristocracy in León and Castile'', 286–87, contains a ''curriculum vitae'' listing Ponce's relations, titles, offices, tenancies, religious and economic transactions, with dates and primary sources.〕 He arrived in León in November 1127 in the entourage of Berenguela of Barcelona, daughter of Raymond Berengar III, who wed Alfonso VII that month at Saldaña.〔This is based on a later tradition, but is plausible, cf. Reilly, ''King Alfonso VII'', 185–86, and Barton, "Two Catalan Magnates", 248–54.〕 He was probably a young man of about twelve years at the time.〔The age given in P. Salazar de Mendoza, ''Origen de las dignidades seglares de Castilla y León'' (Toledo: 1618), f. 39v.〕 He may have been related to Raymond II, Bishop of Palencia (1148–83), who also hailed from Minerve and was also a protégé and perhaps a relative of Berenguela.〔Fernández, "Santa María de Benevívere", 34.〕 Ponce does not appear in contemporary records until 1140, but his presence in the following of the Catalan princess is established by a charter in the archives of the convent of Santa María de Carrizo. This document, dated 13 March 1207, records a ''pesquisa'' (inquest) carried out by orders of Alfonso IX to determine what was owed by the village of Quintanilla to the convent in light of a donation made by Ponce.〔Luengo, "Monasterio de Santa María de Carrizo", 171.〕 It mentions how Ponce had come to León with Berenguela:
Because he hailed from an Occitan-speaking region ruled by the counts of Barcelona, he is often considered a Catalan. His name, in contemporary Latin, was ''Pontius'' or ''Poncius'', transformed in Castilian to ''Ponce'', the form used here, or ''Poncio'', and also transformed into ''Ponç'' (Catalan) or ''Pons'' (Occitan).〔Reilly, ''King Alfonso VII'', ''passim'', uses the form Pons de Minerva.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ponce de Minerva」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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